GERD, or gastroesophageal reflux disease, is a common yet potentially serious condition affecting millions of people worldwide. GERD is defined as chronic acid reflux that occurs when stomach acid repeatedly flows up into the esophagus, leading to inflammation and potential complications.
While occasional heartburn is common, poorly managed GERD can have significant consequences on your long-term health. The condition stems from a failure of the body’s natural anti-reflux barriers, which normally work together to keep stomach acid in place. It can be confusing and hard to understand. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for effective management and prevention of severe complications. Let’s demystify GERD together.
What is GERD?
GERD is a chronic digestive disorder that differs from occasional acid reflux or heartburn. It occurs due to a weakened lower esophageal sphincter (LES), allowing stomach acid to move upward into your esophogus. Several factors contribute to GERD, some of which include obesity, acid-triggering diet, smoking, and certain medical conditions like having a hiatal hernia. Unlike mild heartburn, people with GERD symptoms can benefit from expert medical care to prevent damage.
There is a strong correlation between GERD and obesity, as excess abdominal fat increases pressure on the stomach which can worsen GERD symptoms.
Do You Have GERD?
If you’re wondering, what does GERD feel like? Or maybe you are all too familiar with the discomfort—you know that it can range from constant throat irritation to trouble eating to sleeping problems due to chest or back pain.
The most common GERD symptoms include:
- Persistent heartburn
- Acid regurgitation
- Chest pain or discomfort
- Difficulty swallowing
- A sensation of food being stuck in the throat
GERD can also cause “extra-esophageal” or atypical symptoms, such as:
- Chronic cough
- Sore throat
- Hoarseness
- Asthma-like symptoms
Consequences of Untreated GERD
GERD can disrupt sleep, cause chronic discomfort, and negatively impact daily life. Recognizing GERD symptoms early and seeking medical advice is essential to prevent complications. Any doctor at Hoag can help direct you to the right care you might need.
If left untreated, GERD can consequently lead to serious health complications, including:
- Esophagitis: Inflammation and irritation of the esophagus
- Esophageal ulcers: Painful sores in the esophagus caused by prolonged acid exposure
- Esophageal stricture: Narrowing of the esophagus due to scar tissue buildup
- Barrett’s esophagus: A condition that increases the risk of esophageal cancer
The Best Treatment Options for GERD
The team of world-class GI experts at Hoag use diagnostic tests like endoscopy, pH testing, Esoguard, and valuation for potential hiatal hernia to create a personalized GERD treatment plan. There are also several minimally invasive options that can help restore natural anti-reflux barriers. Based on your symptoms and anatomy, specialists can recommend the best approach for lasting relief.
Why Staying on Top of GERD is Crucial
Early diagnosis and treatment of GERD can prevent serious complications. Prior to exploring procedural or surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications are the first lever to pull. For mild GERD symptoms, we recommend following these suggestions to resolve some or all symptoms:
- Avoiding trigger foods (spicy, acidic, or fatty foods)
- Maintaining a healthy BMI
- Eating smaller meals and avoiding late-night eating
- Elevating the head while sleeping
- Reducing stress and quitting smoking
Learning practical tools, such as relaxation techniques and mindfulness, can help reduce stress, ultimately improving GERD symptoms by calming the body and preventing excess acid production.
Other GERD Treatment Options:
Depending on your GERD symptoms, medications can be very helpful. H2-blockers like Zantac and Pepcid, proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as Prilosec, and newer PCAB medications can reduce acid production and provide relief. In addition, endoscopic therapies and surgical procedures may be recommended for more severe cases. At Hoag, our specialists take a personalized approach, evaluating your GERD symptoms and diagnostic results to determine the most effective treatment plan for lasting relief.
Take Control of GERD to Avoid Further Health Risks
GERD is more than occasional discomfort—it’s a chronic condition that requires proper management to prevent serious health risks. Understanding its causes and treatment options empowers individuals to take control of their health. If you experience persistent acid reflux or other GERD symptoms, seeking medical advice can lead to effective treatment and improved quality of life.
To learn more about GERD, explore our other articles covering treatment options, underlying causes, and lifestyle modifications like practicing mind-body connection, losing weight or improving your gut health. If you’re suffering from GERD symptoms, schedule a consultation with Hoag’s expert team today to get a personalized care plan to feel your best.
If you are experiencing a mental health or medical emergency, please call 911 or go to your nearest emergency room.
